Class12 NOTES

Class 11 Computer Sc

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Class 11 Informatics Practices

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Class 12 IP NOTES

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Whole Year Plan                                                       Whole Year Plan

1.                                   Networking                                         Chapter1 Networking
2.                                   Open Source Software                        Open Source Concepts
3.                                   IT Applications                                   Chapter11 IT Applications

                                   Class 12 Computer Sc NOTES

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1. Networking Notes                                                      Networking Notes for ComputerSc.

                                    Class 12 Computer Sc Syllabus

         

Topic	CBSE Syllabus 2017-18
Networking	Evolution of Networking: ARPANET, Internet, Interspace Different ways of sending data across the network with reference to switching techniques (Circuit and Packet switching). Data Communication terminologies: Concept of Channel, Bandwidth (Hz, KHz, MHz) and Data transfer rate (bps, Kbps, Mbps, Gbps, Tbps). Transmission media: Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, optical fiber, infrared, radio link, microwave link and satellite link. Network devices: Modem, RJ45 connector, Ethernet Card, Router, Switch, Gateway, wifi card. Network Topologies and types: Bus, Star, Tree, PAN, LAN, WAN, MAN. Network Protocol: TCP/IP, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), PPP, SMTP, POP3 Remote Login (Talent), and Internet Wireless/Mobile Communication protocol such as GSM, CDMA, GPRS, and WLL. Mobile Telecommunication Technologies : 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G; Mobile processors; Electronic mail protocols such as SMTP, POP3 Protocols for Chat and Video Conferencing VOIP Wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi and WiMax Network Security Concepts: Threats and prevention from Viruses, Worms, Trojan horse, Spams Use of Cookies, Protection using Firewall, https; India IT Act, Cyber Law, Cyber Crimes, IPR issues, hacking. Introduction To Web services: WWW, Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML); Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP); Domain Names; URL; Website, Web browser, Web Servers; Web Hosting, Web Scripting – Client side (VB Script, Java Script, PHP) and Server side (ASP, JSP, PHP), Web 2.0 (for social networking) E-commerce payment transactions using online banking, mobile banking and payment apps and services.
DBMS and SQL	Data base Concepts: Introduction to data base concepts and its need. Relational data model: Concept of domain, tuple, relation, key, primary key, alternate key, candidate key; Relational algebra : Selection, Projection, Union and Cartesian product; Structured Query Language: General Concepts: Advantages of using SQL, Data Definition Language and Data Manipulation Language; Data Types: NUMBER/DECIMAL, CHARACTER/VARCHAR/VARCHAR2, DATE; SQL COMMANDS: CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, ALTER TABLE, UPDATE ….SET…., INSERT, DELETE; SELECT, DISTINCT, FROM, WHERE, IN, BETWEEN, GROUP BY, HAVING, ORDER BY; SQL functions: SUM ( ), AVG ( ), COUNT ( ), MAX ( ) AND MIN ( ); Obtaining results (SELECT query) from 2 tables using equi-join, Cartesian product and Union Note: Implementation of the above mentioned commands could be done on any SQL supported software on one or two tables.
Classes and Objects	Object Oriented Programming in C++     (50 Theory + 40 Practical) Periods REVIEW: C++ covered In Class – XI, Object Oriented Programming: Concept of Object Oriented Programming – Data hiding, Data encapsulation, Class and Object, Abstract class and Concrete class, Polymorphism (Implementation of polymorphism using Function overloading as an example in C++); Inheritance, Advantages of Object Oriented Programming over earlier programming methodologies, Implementation of Object Oriented Programming concepts in C++: Definition of a class, Member of a class – Data Members and Member Functions (methods), Using Private and Public visibility modes, default visibility mode (private); Member function definition: inside class definition and outside class definition using scope resolution operator (::); accessing members from object (s), Objects as function arguments–pass by value and pass by reference;
Constructors and Destructors	Constructor and Destructor: Constructor: special characteristics, declaration and definition of a constructor, default constructor, overloaded constructors, copy constructor, constructor with default arguments; Destructor: Special Characteristics, declaration and definition of destructor;
Inheritance	Inheritance (Extending Classes): Concept of Inheritances, Base Class, Derived classes, protected visibility mode; Single level inheritance, Multilevel inheritance and Multiple inheritance, Privately derived, publicly derived and Protectedly derived class, accessibility of members from objects and within derived class (es);
File Handling in C++	Need for data file, types of data file–text and binary,opening and closing files-open( ), close( ), access modes (output, input, default), file object, access_modes, reading and writing a file read(), readline(), readlines(), write(), writelines file positions (seek(), tell()), renaming and deleting a file.,flush(); Implementation of basic file operations on text and binary file in Python: Creating/writing data into file, reading and displaying data from file, searching for particular data from a file, insertion and deletion of data from an already existing file, modification of data in file. Error and Exceptions – NameError, IndexError, TypeError, IO Error, ImportError, ValueError, EOFError. Generator function using Yield.
Boolean Algebra	Role of Logical Operations in Computing. Binary-valued Quantities, Boolean Variable, Boolean Constant and Boolean Operators: AND, OR, NOT; Truth Tables; Closure Property, Commutative Law, Associative Law, Identity law, Inverse Law, Principle of Duality, Idempotent Law, Distributive Law, Absorption Law, Involution Law, DeMorgan’s Law and their applications; Obtaining Sum of Product (SOP) and Product of Sum (POS) form the Truth Table, Reducing Boolean Expression (SOP and POS) to its minimal form, Use of Karnaugh Map for minimization of Boolean expressions (up to 4 variables); Application of Boolean Logic: Digital electronic circuit design using basic Logic Gates (NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR) Use of Boolean operators (NOT, AND, OR) in SQL SELECT statements Use of Boolean operators (AND, OR) in search engine queries.
Data Structure	Introduction to data structure- array, stack queues primitive and non-primitive data structure, linear and non-linear structure, static and dynamic data structure. Arrays: One and two Dimensional arrays: Sequential allocation and address calculation; One dimensional array: Traversal, Searching (Linear, Binary Search), Insertion of an element in an array, deletion of an element from an array, Sorting (Insertion, Selection, Bubble) Two-dimensional arrays: Traversal Finding sum/difference of two NxM arrays containing numeric values, Interchanging Row and Column elements in a two dimensional array; Stack (Array and Linked implementation of Stack): Introduction to stack (LIFO: Last in First out Operations) Operations on stack (PUSH and POP) and its Implementation in C++, Converting expressions from INFIX to POSTFIX notation and evaluation of Postfix expression; Queue: (Array and Linked Implementation) Introduction to Queue (FIFO: First in First out operations) Operations on Queue (Insert and Delete and its Implementation in C++, circular queue using array.